Friday, March 31, 2017

“Non è più il momento”. Un commento sul discorso culturale contemporaneo.

                                                                              “No, non fa male credere, fa molto male credere male.”
                                                                                                                                                           Giorgio Gaber

Un argomento culturale non indossa né toga, né livrea, ed il discorso culturale lo si trova – o lo si dovrebbe trovare – in ogni luogo, un punto su cui si trova concorde il sapere da Eraclito alla Bibbia: “La sapienza grida per le strade, nelle piazze fa udire la voce” (Prov. 1:20). Oggi siamo però posti di fronte a situazioni che, in altre epoche, avrebbero mostrato immediatamente la loro lapalissiana assurdità e suscitato un’indignazione culturale che non trova ormai più posto sugli scaffali della pseudocultura e intellighenzia dominante. Del resto, la corruzione dell’accademia contemporanea si rivela, chiaramente e tragicamente, in ciò che questa non offre, arrivando al paradosso (apparente) secondo cui le università si sono ormai trasformate nel più pericoloso nemico che la storia della cultura abbia mai dovuto affrontare (esiste, in merito, una vasta letteratura sommersa a cui rimando). Nessun pensatore del passato ha mai mostrato l’assoluta indifferenza riguardo al pensiero ed all’argomentazione dimostrata, a piene mani, dai vari cattedratici della nostra epoca (personalmente ritengo che, se passeremo ancora un altro secolo in questa situazione, finiamo come gli Eloi nel romanzo di H. G. Wells o ancor peggio). Del resto, l’obiettivo dei discorsi di coloro chiamati a “pensare per concorso pubblico” non è il discorso culturale quanto l’autopromozione, l’interesse personale o l’adesione ad una determinata consorteria partitica o burocratica e, dunque, una visuale fatalmente monca e machiavellica che si rivela, in molti modi, nella nostra società ormai deprivata di un discorso culturalmente serio ed autentico. Questa gente ben allineata, caldamente coperta da tocco e toga, lauti stipendi e prebende varie, non mostra, in genere, nessun interesse per alcun discorso che non serva ad una loro vanità o scopo personale o di casta e questo è, nella sostanza, un atteggiamento immensamente anticulturale, avverso e interamente nemico della conoscenza. Quello di contrastare questi discorsi è più che altro un dovere etico nei confronti del sapere e, conseguentemente, nei confronti della nostra specie, perché l’assenza di un discorso culturale autentico ha oggi generato un vuoto occupato dal buio e dal nulla in cui si inserisce ogni discorso teso all’annullamento del pensiero autentico.
Il compito della cultura è un compito fondamentale e profondamente umano e, così come in altre epoche, la custodia e la salvezza dei libri e della conoscenza era assegnata a pochi monaci in aree remote, questo compito è oggi demandato a coloro i quali sentono ancora il dovere etico del sapere come una necessità, osando contrastare la strabiliante marea del non-pensiero che ha schiacciato la modernità e sta spudoratamente trionfando nell’epoca contemporanea (o bisogna proprio ricordare alcuni degli autori e titoli che vanno oggi per la maggiore nelle librerie o nei dibattiti pubblici che, però, sarebbe meglio non ricordare?). In quanto società umana non ci possiamo permettere il livello di corruzione culturale che abbiamo raggiunto, tanto quanto non ci possiamo permettere il livello di inquinamento e sfruttamento scellerato cui sottoponiamo il pianeta che ci sorregge – e le due cose non sono così lontane tra loro quanto appaiono a chi non le consideri con attenzione.

“Qui habet aures audiendi, audiat” mentre gli altri, quelli per i quali la conoscenza è nulla e il micragnoso interesse personale è tutto, seguano pure i discorsetti in voga, magari strombazzando ai quattro venti “cultura, cultura”, tanto non è la prima volta che cose di tal genere avvengono nella storia della nostra miserrima specie, speriamo soltanto che non sia l’ultima.

Sunday, March 26, 2017

Ad memoriam Yuri Dmitrievich Ivashchenko. A very small tribute in the face of a very great loss.


     “Мечты, мечты! где ваша сладость?”
   Alexander Pushkin

It is always an ethical duty to eulogize and remember good people who have passed on because, while paying tribute to those who are good, we also point to a model of a real life worthy of being pursued by all. So many things can be remembered and told about Dr. Yuri Ivashchenko, who passed away last December; a man of great knowledge and integrity, continually in search of truth, in science as well as in life.
Dr. Ivashchenko, “Yuri” for those of us who had the honor and the pleasure of knowing him better, had the spirit of a real scientist: he was able and willing to question established paradigms with stringent logic because he was an admirer of truth, intelligence, and beauty. He was always ready to laugh at a silly argument – and sometimes to call it for what it was – but he was extremely serious about every intellectual topic, not only those pertaining to his professional area of expertise and research. I recall having many passionate discussions with him on topics ranging from literature and old Russian philosophy to the sciences, theology, ancient Greek, Latin, archeology, and Opera. Sharply questioning generally accepted truths was second nature to him. He was a great reader and a profound scholar with a passion for many topics and a weakness for manuscripts in Old Church Slavonic and the poet Alexander Pushkin, the latter of which he loved to the point that he could always quote Pushkin’s poems to you in their entirety and in the original Russian... The more obscure the topic of study or discussion, the more his eyes showed the brightness of the intelligent search and the curiosity of a sharp mind, and when an argument could not be settled in one way or another, his last answer was always a large smile under his mustache. You could literally spend hours in intellectual conversation with him and believe that only a few minutes had passed, and, at the same time, you could always learn something from his assertions and his questions. For example, many people are aware of the pseudo-scientific doctrines of Trofim Lysenko and the “Lysenkoism” propagandized by the Soviets from the 1920s until 1964, the year of de-Stalinization under Nikita Khrushchev. Yuri, whose specialization was the field of medicine and biology, liked to point out that movement’s references to Ivan Vladimirovich Michurin, of whom Lysenko claimed to be a follower, and could go into extremely complex explanations regarding the differences and commonalities between the two Russian scientists and their mistakes. Yuri Ivashchenko could magnificently explain complex topics in the life sciences, but he was also capable of dissecting pseudo-scientific concepts for hours and he loved hearing about other examples of pseudoscience in other disciplines because he knew that we learn from errors as much as we learn from correct reasoning. This, among many other examples, clearly showed not only his intellectual depth and curiosity but also his keen scientific mind: a scientist never takes anything for granted, and if you tell a real scientist that 2+2 is equal to 8, the proper reaction is not to dismiss what you say, but, more simply, to request the burden of the proof by asking you to “prove it!” That was the challenge Yuri loved to make.
Yuri was also a devoted family man and extremely generous, supporting both ideas and people in many ways, as he did when, in 1995, he sponsored the U.S. immigration of Dr. Vladimir Vinnitsky, who later became a leading scientist in the oncogerminative theory of cancer development. Yuri is also the author of dozens of research papers and many patents. All of this is to say that he was a man of great intelligence and of many talents, but also a man able to see the very practical aspects of life, who had a taste for good cuisine and a love for barbecuing and good wine. Now that Yuri is no longer among us, we are faced with a great absence. After all, nothing confronts us with the realities of life more than death, and when this inevitable event strikes, especially when hitting someone who still had so much to give, it produces an experience that cannot be fully described, because there are no words or tears that can equal the pain and the shock that touches those who are remaining. Sorrow is always for those who are left, and when good people leave the earth, we are all impoverished by their absence. As C. S. Lewis wrote in his little book of reflections on the death of his wife, A Grief Observed, “The death of a beloved is an amputation.” Even when we are sure that those who have left have ascended to a reality that is so much more real than our imperfectly formed world, we still have the right to be sad, and to miss their words and wisdom, which can now point the way only through memory and remembrance.

(Sergio Caldarella)

Tuesday, March 14, 2017

FACES


Every face, every shop, bedroom window, public-house, and dark square is a picture feverishly turned--in search of what? It is the same with books. What do we seek through millions of pages?
Virginia Woolf



 Faces, how can you understand them? How can you want to understand them? Shaved, moisturized, clean, with a mole, a scar, or a scratch. How can you really understand a face? What is that makes a face such a special place of a body? I am asking because for me to “understand” a face means to understand almost everything in a person. I don’t mean the eyes, because, contrary to what is believed, eyes can lie as much as they can tell the truth – whatever that might be. Eyes are the most human visible part of our body, therefore the most elusive. Nobody can really “read” a person, because every person is the sum of countless mysteries and a mystery even to himself. But faces? How about the faces? Someone can certainly be obsessed with hair, lips, and breasts or feet, but how about the face? I always believed that the face is not just a random product of some splitting omnipotent cells; I believe that in the entirety of a face there is the personal history and somehow the destiny of a person and, at least, that a face is the sum of its past. Two apparently contradictory things united in the most public and most private part of us. Everybody speaks with a voice that he/she knows, but, at the same time, the voice received by the one who listens, is completely unknown to the speaker; here again the face is that place where those two voices meet. You can be silent and your facial expression talks and you can talk while your expression could be silent. So, again, who can understand faces if a face is elusive even to its owner? Weird to say that we “own” a face, since we are so used to believing that our face is just “us”. A face is a sum of stories; a riddle that for one person has a meaning and
that to someone else means less than nothing. Some people learn from others’ faces, some others learn from nothing. In a face you can also see, or imagine, a lot of things; it’s a world in itself and that’s probably one of the many reasons why the Mona Lisa is so appreciated: she is a “pure face” with a smile and that lets you imagine whatever you want. How much imagination can you put into the Mona Lisa smile? Can you read all the question marks hidden in a face? Answering affirmatively to this last question would be saying, “yes, I can read” but also “I’m alive,” because only those who are still alive know how to detect life, and the revealing oracle is always hiding in a wrinkle.


(Sergio Caldarella)